Text Production Draft 2

Global warming refers to the continuous rising of the Earth’s temperature due to greenhouse effect. Initially, the greenhouse gases maintain the Earth’s temperature at 33oc that sustain the great biodiversity of life in Earth. However, industrial revolution in 18th and 19th centuries boosts up the demand for energy which mainly obtained from combustion of fossil fuel. (Chris Woodford 2006) Enormous amount of carbon dioxide are being emitted and greenhouse effect are magnified which cause the temperature of Earth to rise. The Earth’s climate could become unpredictable due to increase of temperature of Earth and this could aggravate the life on Earth.

Global warming brings adverse affects to the balanced ecosystem in different part of earth The climate change caused by global warming happens too fast that plant and animal are not able to adapt to the changes. In Arctic, sea ice melts quickly due to increase in temperature. Polar bear that rely on sea ice may die while migratory birds lose their habitat. (Chris Woodford 2006) On the other hand, in the tropical country, coral reefs are predicted to be killed by the warming sea water and the complex ecosystem surround coral reefs are damaged. Extinction is predicted to be happened on 30-40 percent of the world’s species due to alter in climate pattern. (Chris Woodford 2006)

Moreover, climate change brings severe consequences to human too. Warmer ocean caused the formation of stronger storm. United States set new record of 1717 tornados happened while Japan set new record for 10 typhoons happened in 2004. The first-ever Hurricane in South Atlantic happens in Brazil. (Al Gore 2007) These acute phenomena bring more damage where the loss recovery for severe weather damage by insurance industrial in United States rises annually. (Al Gore 2007) Besides, global warming paradoxically not only cause more flood by increasing the rainfall, but also cause more soil vaporization that lead to more drought. 100-200 million people are predicted to lose their home by 2100 due to climate change flood. (Chris Woodford 2006) Melting of ice glacier also reduce the availability of water sources where 40% of the population will face water crisis in the future. (Al Gore 2007)

To solve the precarious consequences, carbon dioxide emission should be lessened by improving the efficiency of usage of energy. Individual can easily reduce their personal carbon dioxide emissions by transforming their living lifestyle. If individual switches to use high-efficiency electricity and raise the level of fuel economy in mind, level of carbon emission can be lowered below the level on 1970 which reduce global warming. Some practical ways are choosing energy-saving fluorescent lamps in home, switch to utility company which generate energy from renewable source and bicycle or walk instead of driving in daily life. (Chris Woodford 2006) Hence, each individual is capable to bring intermediate affect if they have strong determination.

While in terms of greater group of people, the government of each country plays an undeniable role in addressing global warming. No country will purposely reduce their country’s carbon emission by reducing energy usages because the government worries that the country will face economical disadvantage. However, Stern Report by British government in 2006 state that global Gross Domestic Product (GDP) will drop by 20% due to global warming whereas GDP will drop by 1% if the country spend money to curb global warming and climate change now. (Chris Woodford 2006) Hence, developed countries like United States and developing countries like China should meticulously participate in the worldwide climate-change treaty, Kyoto Protocol.

In short, global warming is a modern environmental catastrophe caused by human civilization and industrial revolution which affect the life of people globally. The ramifications of global warming such as erratic climate change, stronger storm, flood and drought can be seen clearly. Hence, mankind should responsible and contribute their effort to combat global warming. With strong determination, mankind will able to preserve this lovely planet. (Al Gore 2007)

Child carer Laura Pettitt made baby 'eat own vomit', court told

• Nursery worker "violently shook babies"
• Court told she overfed children for laughs
• Staff say they were too afraid to confront her

A KINDERGARTEN supervisor forced a baby to eat its own vomit and slapped crying children around the head when they were in her care, a court has been told.

Laura Pettitt, 27, deliberately overfed a larger child for her own amusement, and forced a pacifier into one child’s mouth so hard the child's gums began to bleed, prosecutors told Croydon Crown Court, London.

Ms Pettitt, who worked at Little Stars Nursery in Bromley, South London, is accused of cruelty to 10 babies in her care between January 2006 and November 2008.

She denies the charges, claiming the "malicious allegations" were fabricated by her colleagues when they found out she was a lesbian, The Daily Mail reported.

The allegations came to light after a co-worker, Nicola Fiddler, reported her to a child protection charity.

Prosecutor Tana Adkin said: 'When the babies would not do her will, Laura Pettitt would treat them roughly.

"She would shout at them if they wouldn't sleep, would treat them roughly if they wouldn't eat and would drop them from a small height."

Ms Adkin described one incident in which Ms Pettitt allegedly held a "baby's nose and tipped its head back to force him to eat. He was gagging and gasping for breath and eventually vomited"

However, Ms Pettitt "carried on feeding him the vomit that had fallen into the collection trough of the bib he was wearing".

She said the reason Ms Pettitt's alleged crimes were not reported for three years was "the nursery assistants were very young and intimidated by Laura Pettitt".

Ms Fiddler told the court that Ms Pettitt had laughingly force fed normal food to a baby who was on a gluten-free diet.

She also saw her swing a baby into the side of a sofa and leave another crying covered in vomit.

However when Ms Fiddler told her manager, her complaints were dismissed, the court was told.

She told her manager Cass Collins in November 2008. 'Cass told me she didn't know what to do as Laura had been there eight years and there had never been any complaints,' she said.

Critique:
The new revealed one of the thousands of cases related to the welfare of the people in the society. In this case, kindergarten supervisor, Laura Pettit tortures child and babies cruelly. Some examples are forcing the child to eat their vomit, overfeeding the children until the gum of the children became bloody and other. I am very angry with the action shown by Laura Pettit. Kindergarten supervisor should be a person full with filial piety and love. She should take good care of the children which is her main responsibility of a supervisor of a kindergarten. I hope that this tragedy will arouse the society’s attention on the issue of kindergarten license. License to operating a kindergarten should be sanctioned carefully to ensure the people who apply for the license are capable to fulfill the criteria required.

'Come eat my boyfriend' killer told doctors she want to commit mass murder

THE father of a man stabbed to death by his mentally ill girlfriend on Christmas Day says he feels let down by doctors who knew she was a danger to the community.

Tamie Melehan, 29, had been diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia in 2002, hospitalised 20 times in seven years and had previously told doctors she wanted to commit mass murder.

She killed David Vaughan in the shower of her apartment on December 25, 2008.

Moments after slashing his throat, Melehan texted another boyfriend telling him she was going to eat the body because "I think he tastes good" and invited him over to join her.

In the NSW Supreme Court today, Justice Monika Schmidt said Melehan's plea of not guilty by reason of mental illness had been successfully made out and ordered that she be detained until the Mental Health Tribunal saw fit to release her.

But, speaking outside court, Mr Vaughan's father, Dr Alan Vaughan, said the family and the whole community had been left unprotected by the mental health system, which had not adequately supervised Melehan.

"According to the judgment there were warnings given about the defendant and about her danger to the community as far back as 2006 and she'd been in hospital for many years before that," Dr Vaughan said.

"Those warnings weren't acted on in a meaningful way.

"They still allowed her to be part of the community - sure treating her, but (she was) clearly not adequately supervised because it has resulted in my son's death.

"I would like to see that changed so that more appropriate care is taken of people who have severe mental illness."

David Vaughan's own experiences as a severe burns and car crash victim made him more empathetic to other people, both of his parents wrote in a letter to the judge.

But Dr Vaughan added he didn't think his son - who seemed pleased to have met someone - knew the extent of Melehan's problems.

"We think that he knew she had some problems but I don't think he knew the extent of the problems or the extent of the hospitalisation that she'd undergone," he said outside court.

Dr Vaughan said the family bore Melehan no ill will - they just hoped the mental health system would not let her down.

Critique:
I agree with the opinion by Dr Alan Vaughan. He expresses his disappointment about the mental health system in Australia. His son, David Vaughan was killed his girlfriend, Tamie Melehan who has serious mental illness. The mental health system has enabled Melehan to be free from being prosecuting by the court by made a plea to the court. Dr. Alan Vaughan are worried that the safety of the community are not being protected as there are many people with mental illness in the society and they are not being supervised adequately. I think that people with mental illness should be given more concern by the government by providing a specific institution to help curbing their problem and illness. They should not be let aside without any action being taken. If the people with mental illness are not protected, the community will face a great chance of being the victim of a mass killing in their daily life.

Text Production Draft 1

Global warming refers to the continuous rising of the Earth’s temperature due to greenhouse effect. Initially, the greenhouse gases maintain the Earth’s temperature at 33oc that sustain the great biodiversity of life in Earth. However, industrial revolution in 18th and 19th boost up the demand for energy which mainly obtained from combustion of fossil fuel. (Chris Woodford 2006) Enormous amount of carbon dioxide are being emitted and greenhouse effect are magnified which cause the temperature of Earth to rise. The Earth’s climate could become unpredictable due to increase of temperature of Earth and this could aggravate the life on Earth.

Global warming brings adverse affects to the balanced ecosystem in different part of earth The climate change caused by global warming happens too fast that plant and animal are not able to adapt to the changes. In Arctic, sea ice melts quickly due to increase in temperature. Polar bear that rely on sea ice may die while migratory birds lose their habitat. (Chris Woodford 2006) On the other hand, in the tropical country, coral reefs are predicted to be killed by the warming sea water and the complex ecosystem surround coral reefs are damaged. Extinction is predicted to be happened on 30-40 percent of the world’s species due to alter in climate pattern. (Chris Woodford 2006)

Moreover, climate change brings severe consequences to human too. Warmer ocean caused the formation of stronger storm. United States set the record for tornado while Japan set the record for typhoons in 2004. The first-ever Hurricane in South Atlantic happens in Brazil. (Al Gore 2007) These acute phenomena bring more damage where the recovery loss for severe weather damage by insurance industrial rise annually. (Al Gore 2007) Besides, global warming paradoxically not only cause more flood by increasing the rainfall, but also cause more soil vaporization that lead to more drought. 100-200 million people are predicted to lose their home by 2100 due to climate change flood. (Chris Woodford 2006) Melting of ice glacier also reduce the availability of water sources where 40% of the population will face water crisis in the future. (Al Gore 2007)

In order to avert the precarious result of climate change due to global warming, carbon dioxide emission should be lessen by improving the efficiency of usage of energy. Individual can easily reduce their personal carbon dioxide emissions by putting more concern on their living lifestyle. If individual switches to use high-efficiency electricity and raise the level of fuel economy in mind, level of carbon emission can be lowered below the level on 1970 which reduce global warming. (Al Gore 2007) Some practical ways are choosing energy-saving fluorescent lamps in home, switch to utility company which generate energy from renewable source and bicycle or walk instead of driving in daily life. (Chris Woodford 2006) Hence, each individual is capable to bring intermediate affect if they have strong determination.

While in terms of greater group of people, the government of each country plays an undeniable role in addressing global warming. No country will purposely reduce their country’s carbon emission due to the fact the country will face economical disadvantage. Reduction in carbon emission links to limiting of energy usage which could affect the country economic growth. (Chris Woodford 2006) However, Stern Report by British government in 2006 state that global Gross Domestic Product (GDP) will drop by 20% due to global warming whereas GDP will drop by 1% if the country spend money to curb global warming and climate change now. (Chris Woodford 2006) Hence, developed countries like United States and developing countries like China should participate in the worldwide climate-change treaty, Kyoto Protocol.

In short, global warming is a modern environmental catastrophe caused by human civilization and industrial revolution which affect the life of people globally. The ramifications of global warming can be seen easily. Hence, mankind should responsible and contribute their effort to combat global warming. With strong determination, mankind will able to preserve this lovely planet in the future. (Al Gore 2007)

New gadget put on mobile phone beats speed cameras

• Free iTunes software download
• Suits iPhone and Blackberry
• Helps keep motorists in check

AUSTRALIAN motorists can now get legal mobile and fixed speed camera and red-light camera alerts on their phones.

Wikango 2.2 software is now available as a free download from iTunes. It joins Trapster software, which is suitable for iPhone and Blackberry.

Both software programs allow users to share information about speed traps and receive warnings as they approach them.

Wikango 2.2 is produced by AlerteGPS which makes dedicated GPS units.

Doug Lloyd, managing director of Next Destination, the Australian distributor for AlerteGPS, says the iPhone application will make motorists safer and more aware.

"The more information a driver has about the locations of these cameras - and there are a lot - the more they will stay within the speed limit," he says.

"You really can't drive very far without being alerted about a fixed speed camera or a location where there has been a mobile speed camera.

"With mobile cameras you never know if they are there or not, so the net result is you always keep to the speed limit."

Lloyd says the idea of offering the application for free on iPhone is to attract drivers to their GPS products.

"As the iPhone is a trend setter, the app will appeal to people with a technology interest who will get a taste of the benefits of knowing where speed cameras are located and hopefully will them move to the dedicated products produced by AlerteGPS," he says.

The iPhone application provides only fixed and mobile speed camera and red-light camera data and not the school zone, railway crossings, black spots and speed zone features of dedicated GPS products.

"The idea is to migrate iPhone app users to towards the dedicated unit," Lloyd says.

"It's also unlikely that iPhone users will run their phones all the time while driving with the GPS and app running as this could run up extra costs with their phone company provider."

He says the benefit for AlerteGPS is that iPhone users running the application will collect new camera location positions which will immediately be added to the company's GPS database.

Lloyd says software which gives locations of speed cameras has been available for some time and has not attracted any negative response from police.

The Wikango 2.2 App has already clocked up more than 700,000 users around the world.

My Critique:

In my opinion, the Wikango 2.2 software made by AlerteGPS should be given a note as it involve a brilliant idea with great practical way to achieve the aim of reducing the road accident. Kudos should be given to the company who create the program who really understand the strength of using Iphone and Blackberry as a medium to install the program. I believe the influence of Iphone and blackberry on society will encourage more people to install the program in order to protect their life and others as well.

Low unemployment masks army of underemployed
By online business reporter Michael Janda

The ABS says about half of all underemployed part-time workers had actively looked for increased hours (ABC News: Giulio Saggin, file photo)
Australia's unemployment rate has stunned economists by appearing to peak at 5.8 per cent, and falling to 5.3 per cent in January.

However, the Australian Bureau of Statistics has been collecting a broader set of figures on underemployment that paints a less rosy picture of the workforce.
Out of the estimated 10.9 million Australians in employment in September 2009 (when the unemployment rate was 5.7 per cent), more than 800,000 said they would prefer to work more hours.

Around 76,000 were ordinarily full-time workers who had been pushed into taking reduced hours during the week of the survey, while the vast bulk (around 736,000) were part-time workers who wanted more hours.

26 per cent of part-time workers would have preferred to work more hours in September 2009, compared with 23 per cent a year earlier.

When you add the number of underemployed to the number of unemployed, the ABS estimates that 13.5 per cent of the labour force was 'underutilised' (working less hours than they wanted or no hours at all) in November 2009.

That is a substantial rise from the low of 9.9 per cent in February 2008, and suggests a much greater degree of labour shedding than the unemployment rate - which had risen from a low of 3.9 per cent in February 2008 to a peak of 5.8 per cent in June, July, August and October 2009.
Not only is the number of underemployed part-time workers substantial, but the degree of their underemployment is also high, and rising.

More than half of the underemployed part-time workers wanted full-time hours (at least 35 hours a week).

The average underemployed part-time worker wanted an extra 14.1 hours of work a week - that is 37 per cent of a standard full-time work week of 38 hours.
That is up from underemployed part-time workers wanting an extra 13.4 hours in September 2008.

Underemployment was also more severe for particular demographic groups.
The ABS says there were more underemployed part-time women than men (452,100 compared to 283,800); that part-time workers aged 20-34 had the highest incidence of underemployment (29 per cent); and that older workers had the longest average period of underemployment, with almost 50 per cent of workers over 45 being underemployed for a year or more.

So while Australia is undoubtedly performing substantially better on the employment front than countries such as Spain, which has unemployment around 20 per cent, there are clearly a significant number of households that have had a decline in income during the financial crisis, many more than is reflected in the unemployment rate alone.

Summary:
The article mainly describes the situation faced by the Australian about the employment in the industry. Australian unemployment rate has risen tremendously in January 2010 as compared to the year 2009. There is 13.5 per cent of the labour force who was 'underutilised' (working less hours than they wanted or no hours at all). The average underemployed part-time worker wanted an extra 14.1 hours of work a week - that is 37 per cent of a standard full-time work week of 38 hours. While percentage of women that are underemployed are higher than the percentage of men who are underemployed. Besides, older worker have been underemployed for a longer period with 50% being underemployed for one year or more.

Critique:
This article clearly states the economy crisis faced by Australia. Many facts are shown in this article which give a clear image to the reader about the actual number of worker that are underemployed. An outsider can easily figures out what was happen in Australia without referring to other articles. As a conclusion, this article enables me to understand and learn about the economy in Australia.

Molly telling the truth ! ? (My version)

To Daisy:

It has been quite a long time since our escape from the Moor River Native Settlement. But it seems like just happen only. I always keep on thinking about it. I just wonder how I can make such a brave decision to escape from the settlement. Every time, I kept on praying that someone will come to rescue us from this hell like place. Sadly, nothing happens. I don’t know why, suddenly the idea to escape from the settlement started to appear on my mind. I just wanted bring you and Gracie to run out from that place with my own effort. Until now, I still search the reason for me to have such an impracticable idea .May be because of my instinct as older sister. Actually I not confirmed whether there will be raining on the day we start to escape from the settlement. I just guessed and luckily rain fall. If the rain didn’t fell, I think I can’t make you and Gracie home. Along the way back to the home, I was so worried about you and Gracie because for me you two are too small to face all these obstacles. But you two performed well. The only person that didn’t carried out his duties well is me. I failed to bring Gracie home. I regretted I didn’t force Gracie to follow us but let she went to railway station alone. As what I guessed, Gracie was caught by the white again. I always blamed myself since the incident until now. My heart never fell calm but continue struggling from time to time. I write this letter, just want to seek forgiveness from you and hope you can understand what I fell. Don’t be surprised if I tell you that I already rest in peace with Gracie in the heaven when you read this letter. I only dared to tell you my felling for this few years by letter as I am not brave enough to tell the truth to you. Lastly I love you and Gracie.

From:

Molly